PRINCIPLES OF ECOLOGICAL SCIENCE IN ARCHITECTURE

Understanding Ecology

Ecology is the study of the interactions between organisms and their environment and others. Derived from the Greek words oikos ("habitat") and logos ("knowledge"). Ecology is defined as the study of both the interaction between living things and the interaction between living things and their environment. The term ecology was first coined by Ernst Haeckel (1834 - 1914). In ecology, living things are studied as units or systems with their environment.
 

The discussion of ecology cannot be separated from the discussion of ecosystems with its various constituent components, namely abiotic and biotic factors. Abiotic factors include temperature, water, humidity, light, and topography, while biotic factors are living things consisting of humans, animals, plants and microbes. Ecology is also closely related to the organizational levels of living things, namely populations, communities and ecosystems that influence each other and are a system that shows unity.

 

Ecology is a relatively new branch of science, which only emerged in the 70's. However, ecology has a profound influence on the branch of biology. Ecology studies how living things can maintain their life by making contact between living things and with non-living things in their place of life or their environment. Ecology, biology and other life sciences complement zoology and botany, which represent the things that ecology tries to predict, and the energy economy that describes most of the human food chain and trophic levels.

 

Ecology and Architecture

Ecological architecture is an environmentally sound development, which takes full advantage of natural potentials. Environmental info

Architectural quality is usually difficult to measure, the boundary line between quality architecture and inferior architecture. Architectural quality usually only pays attention to the shape of the building and its construction, but ignores the users' feelings and quality of life. Do users of a building feel interested.

Eco-Architectural Planning Pattern always makes use of nature as follows:

• The walls, the roof of a building in accordance with their duties, must protect the heat, wind and rain.
• The good energy intensity contained in the building materials used during construction should be as minimal as possible.
• The building should be directed according to the East-West orientation with the North-South part receiving natural light without glare
• The walls of a building must be able to provide protection against heat. Heat absorption and thickness of the walls in accordance with the needs of the climate / room temperature in it. Buildings that pay attention to natural air freshening can save a lot of energy.

 

If Ecology is not applied in the world of Architecture

One of the important aspects in architectural design which is increasingly being felt important is the arrangement of energy in buildings. The crisis of non-renewable energy sources has prompted architects to care more about energy by switching to renewable energy sources in designing energy-efficient buildings. The concept of emphasizing architectural ecological design is based on the widespread issue of global warming. It is hoped that this design concept based on natural balance can reduce global warming so that the earth's temperature is maintained. Most architects are only concerned with the design of the building itself and do not look around the impact on the environment. If ecology is not applied in architecture, it will:

• If the building is made of glass there will be global warming and there should be increased vegetation in the building and the environment
• If the building includes a barrier to the direction of the waterway, it will obstruct the water from the rain so that it will cause flooding